Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(SIMS)

Principle

This is an analytical method that applies sputtering, which occurs when  a solid surface is irradiated with energetic ions (primary ions) of several keV to several tens of keV. Ions contained in the sputtered particles are called secondary ions. By detecting these secondary ions using mass spectrometer, elements contained on the solid surface can be identified and its concentration can be measured. Furthermore, when sputtering is performed continuously, distribution in the depth direction can also be measured.


Diagram Showing the Basic Principle

 

 

SIMS原理イメージ図

 

Applications

Dopant and impurities depth profile in various semiconductor materials

Composition depth profile in III-V semiconductor multiple layers

Impurities depth profile in glass materials

Composition profile and impurities depth profile in High-k/Low-k films

Mg, C, Si depth profile in GaN epitaxial layers

Impurities depth profile in metal layers

Analysis of impurity distribution in Gems and Minerals

Features and Disadvantages

<Features>

1. High sensitivity:  good detection limit in the ppm to ppt range

2. Wide dynamic range:  detection is available from matrix-level to trace-level

3. Quantitative analysis is possible when a good standard is present.

4. All elements including Hydrogen can be detected.

5. Isotope detection is possible.

6. Good depth resolution1nm~3nm (at best)

7. A wide range of film thicknesses are measurable: several nm to several 10μ

 

<Disadvantages>

1. Matrix effect

 ・A large difference in sensitivity among elements (over 5 orders of magnitude).

 ・May be the cause for complication in data interpretation.

2. There is a limit to measurable elements in one profile (different analytical conditions may be required).

3. Quantitative analysis requires a standard reference.

In particular, standard refence samples are scarce with metallic samples.

4. Could be easily affected by the sample morphology or surface condition.

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